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Bulletin: Cholera and AWD Outbreaks in Eastern and Southern Africa, Regional Update for 2018 - as of 20 March 2018

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Highlights

  • More than 11,181 cholera / AWD cases and 186 deaths (Case Fatality Rate, 1.7%) have been reported in 10 of 21 countries of Eastern and Southern Africa Region (ESAR) since the beginning of 2018. These countries include; Angola, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, Somalia, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe.

  • Currently, 9 out of the 21 countries in ESAR are reporting active transmission of cholera / AWD (Somalia, Kenya, Tanzania, Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, Uganda Zambia and Zimbabwe). During the week under review, Zambia reported the highest number of new cases (291 cases including 7 deaths), followed by Uganda (226 cases including 1 death). 7 out of the 9 countries with active transmission have recorded CFR above 1% in 2018, with Zimbabwe (CFR, 3.6%) and Malawi (CFR, 3.0%) recording the highest CFR.

  • Uganda: Since the beginning of the outbreak on 15 February 2018 to 18 March 2018, a total of 1,784 cases including 37 deaths (CFR, 2.1%), have been reported. During week 11 (week ending 18 March 2018), 226 cases including 1 death (CFR, 0.4%) were reported.The majority of the affected people are refugees from the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

  • Somalia: An increase in the epidemic trend has been noted. During week 9 (week ending 4 March 2018), 174 new cases were reported compared to 148 cases reported in week 8 (week ending 25 February 2018). New cases emerged from 4 regions, namely Banadir (48), Middle Shabelle (83), Lower Jubba (33) and Hiraan (10). Cumulatively, 1,313 cases including 8 deaths have been reported, as from December 2017. Of these, a total of 1000 cases and 7 deaths have been reported since the beginning of 2018.

  • Kenya: 181 new cases including 1 death (CFR, 0.6%) were reported in week 9 compared to 88 cases including 5 deaths (CFR, 5.7%) reported in week 8. New cases emerged from 6 Counties, namely Siaya (36), Garissa (2), Murang’a (47), Turkana (53), West Pokot (25) and Trans Nzoia (18 cases and 1 death). Cumulatively a total of 6,003 cases including 130 deaths have been reported, as from October 2016. Of these, a total of 1,704 cases and 41 deaths have been reported since the beginning of 2018.

  • Malawi: 54 new cases including 2 deaths (CFR, 3.7%) were reported in week 11 compared to 40 cases including 3 deaths (CFR, 7.5%) reported in week 10 (week ending 11 March 2018). The new cases emerged from five districts, namely Karonga (7), Lilongwe (42 and 2 deaths), Salima (3), Rumphi (1) and Dedza (1). Cumulatively a total of 813 cases and 25 deaths have been reported, as from November 2017. Of these, 658 cases and 20 deaths have been reported since the beginning of 2018.

  • Mozambique: Outbreak is on decline in Pemba city, but a new outbreak has been reported in Chiure district (200km from Pemba city). 51 new cases were reported in week 10 compared to 65 cases including 1 death (CFR, 1.5%) reported in week 9. Cumulatively, 2,227 cases and 3 deaths have been reported, as from August 2017. Of these, 655 cases and 3 deaths have been reported since the beginning of 2018.

  • Angola: 66 new cases including 1 death were reported in week 10 compared to 58 cases reported in week 9. These cases are concentrated in Uige district. Cumulatively, 775 cases including 13 deaths have been reported, as from 15 December 2017. Of these, 659 cases and 6 deaths have been reported since the beginning of 2018.

  • Tanzania: A decline in the epidemic trend has been noted. During week 10, 18 new cases were reported compared to 116 cases reported in week 9. These new cases are concentrated in 2 regions; Dodoma (12) and Ruvuma (6). Cumulatively, 30,052 cases including 493 deaths have been reported in Tanzania mainland, as from August 2015. Of these, a total of 1,421 cases and 27 deaths have been reported since the beginning of 2018.

  • Zambia: 291 new cases including 7 deaths were reported in week 11. These new cases are concentrated in five districts; Lusaka (278 and 7 deaths), Central (5), Southern (5) and Eastern (3). Cumulatively, 5,002 cases including 98 deaths have been reported, as from October 2017.

  • Zimbabwe: There is a new outbreak in Waterfalls suburb in Harare City. The index case was a 12 year old girl who was treated at Harare Central Hospital on the 6th March, stool culture tested positive. The other 3 confirmed cases are as a result of contact tracing and active case finding.